Epidemiology: The Shift from Infectious to Chronic Diseases Essay

At its start, epidemiology relied heavily on infectious disease analysis. The discipline's origins lie in the efforts of distinguished scholars like Dr. John Snow, who studied cholera epidemiology. He was one of the first to show that cholera was waterborne through mapping approach, proving a connection between London water supply contamination and a cholera outbreak in Soho in the Victorian era (Oh & Bode, 2019). Overall, he was able to track the geographical spread of the disease, gathering evidence that inform strategy as well as antibiotic application to stop its further spread. Though great epidemiology breakthroughs relied on the understanding of infectious disease controllers and with access to such tools as mapping, the advancement in the shared and sanitary since Victorian London brought a considerable decline in transient infectious disease prevalence (Omola & Batra, 2023). The shift in disease epidemiology methodology, from control to chronic illness, is due to this progress as well as development in technology in armies and medicine meant to deal with acute infectious illnesses. It is evident that most of the problems are now with chronic conditions (Varma et al., 2021).

Chronic illnesses are responsible for over seventy-five who deaths are recorded annually (Varma & Ivanov, 2021). The shift to chronic epidemiological study was promoted by the advancement of social healthens determinants (SHD) (Omola & Batra, 2023). This resulted from the transformative evaluation that infectious and chronic illnesses share fundamental underlying drivers. For instance, in forty percent of the seventy-five thousand deaths in the American mass recorded as absolute homogeneity related chronic conditions entailed diseases. Other deaths include cardiovascular issues (Casañ et al., 2022). Heart disease cases attracted attention from chronic epidemiology sectors because such illnesses shared risk factors, including excessive drinking, obesity, tobacco usage, poor nutrition as well as high blood pressure, etc. (Varma et al., 2021).

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SHD helped identify crucial risk factors that should be handled within a short time and the structural risk factors causing wide-impacted health discrepancies over challenging health variables such as lead illness or heart diseases. Social determinants are integral in addressing chronic conditions and promoting population health, contributing to protracted illness across the globe. Linn County’s health decline and increased obesity rates in adults are influenced by limited exercise opportunities. In the age of digital health, it seems implausible that Linn County seems to have such a problem. Chronic infection has established itself as a major global health problem. Promoting access to physical departments by increasing the number of facilities within the area is one way to foster exercise health opportunities.

References

Casañ, P. G., Giron-Sierra, J. M., Martinez-Campos, E., & Casañ, J. G. (2022). Epidemiological insight into (pre) varsity athletes. edge. Annals of Translational Medicine. doi: 10.21037/atm-23-874

Oh, J., & Bode, C. (2019). 7 - Clinical and translational epidemiology: importance, definitions, and historical evolution. In: Schneeweiss S, Grant R, Berger ML, Bach P, Ch019, editors. Epidemiology and Comparative Effectiveness Research. Academic Press. P. 119-34. Available at: https://ssbhub.grenfell.mun.ca/information-literate/professional-development/SBHEndnote/Auditing/SBHEpidemiology_textbook/Historical_challenges_translational_epi.19_1.3.22.pdf